CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE RECONSTRUCTION OF RODNA’S NATIONAL PARK LIMIT FOREST

  • V. Ceuca University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine,Cluj-Napoca
  • L. Holonec University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine,Cluj-Napoca
  • G. Mazare University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine,Cluj-Napoca

Abstract

The National Park Rodnei Mountains is located in north of the Oriental Carpati and it is the northern national park of our country. It is placed on the territory of Bistrita Nasaud, Maramures and Suceava districts, having a surface of 46400 ha. It is declared a Natural Reservation since 1932 and a National Park since 2003 by H.G. no. 230/2003. The highest crest from Oriental Carpati, the Pietrosu Mare Crest (2303 m), is situated in this Park. The Park stands were affected from the point of view of the structure, especially those located at the superior limit of the forest. Degradation appeared because of the strong human influence (irrational pasture, abusive cuttings of the forest vegetation at the superior limit of the forest, between 1970 and 1989, by the mountain pasture extension policy), this affecting the Pinus mugo and Pinus cembra species. This paper presents the efforts to artificially reinsert the Pinus cembra, to restore the protection capabilities of the ecosystems located at the superior limit of the forest and the results obtained in this project. The survival percent is very good, more than 80 % of the seedling plant being in a very good vegetative form. Seedling plants wastage own to accommodation shock, long time snow persistence, low temperature and damages mated by animals. In all control surfaces, the grow rhythm in year 2004 is more active in comparison with the growing rhythm recorded in 2005 season. The factors that had a strong influence was plantation technology, accommodation period and medium temperature, witch was lower in 2005 than in 2004 season. The plantation technology for Pinus cembra seedling plants was with protected roots, this tip of technology having a strong influence considering success rate for survivals, this thing helping for a better adaptation and a shorten accommodation period. The reintroduction project for Pinus cembra species was a success, but for better results we recommended supplements works and species diversification. In higher areas we recommended introduction of Larix decidua for better rammels stabilization and in lower zones mixture with Picea abies to increase the resistance at harmful factors.