IN VITRO ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND HOMEMADE FUNGICIDES ON GROWTH OF PHYTOPHTHORA PARASITICA DASTUR.
Abstract
Several essential oils (EOs) and homemade fungicides were evaluated for their efficacy as potential fungicides against Phytophthora parasitica. Not all EOs were found to kill or inhibit the growth of P. parasitica mycelium, but when found, it was on a dose-depended manner. The aim of this paper was to find substitutes to synthetic fungicides currently used in the control of oomycete pathogen P. parasitica. The antifungal activity of 22 commercially purchased essential oils, along with homemade fungicides based on baking soda, garlic and hydrogen perodixe were investigated against P. parasitica. For the homemade fungicides, we have selected the most used recipes by international farmers. EOs are complex mixtures and we observed a synergistic activity ascriptable to the phytocomplex, but also the activity of some major components. This may lead to the differences observed in our tests. The common compounds of EOs that had an influence over the growth of P. parasitica mycelium are eugenol, eugenol acetate, iso-eugenol, borneol, dipetene, limonene and β-caryophyllene. As the present paper showed, the oil concentrations necessary to kill P. parasitica are most of the times much higher than those required to inhibit their growth.
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