ROLE OF AGROFORESTRY IN MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION OF CARBON EMISSION TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The loss of forest cover due to the conversion of forests to settlements, plantations, agriculture and the need for development in other sectors, has caused changes in weather/climate patterns in various places. Climate change can be anticipated by mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation means prevention efforts that need to be done, whereas adaptation is the necessary adjustment activities to be able to live and survive and increase resilience, flexibility and lead to migration due to different climatic conditions. Agroforestry is expected to function as a mitigation and adaptation agent by comparing previously untreated sites with agroforestry to store carbon or to absorb carbon, so that the greenhouse gas effect will decrease. Several research results indicate that agroforestry systems have proven effective in absorbing carbon emissions into the air. Research conducted in East Kalimantan's forest area shows the ability of Shorea leprosula plants aged 1-6 years old with the diameter between 2.96 to 8.27 cm in absorbing CO₂ gas from an atmosphere of 0.54-10.17 ton ha^-1 CO₂. Similarly, the research conducted in Sampang-Madura resulted in the results that carbon stocks in the highest tidal zone were 232.59 ton ha^-1 on a stem, 0.4658 ton ha^-1 on a root, 0.0049 ton ha^-1 in a litter and 0 ton ha^-1 on woody necromass. While the carbon stock in the lowest tide zone was 111.91 ton ha^-1 in a stem, 0.21492 ton ha^-1 at root, 0.0031 on litter and 48,521 on woody necromass. Rubber agroforestry activities in peatlands are capable of producing carbon uptake of 43.28 tons ha^-1.