VALORIZATION OF VITICULTURAL RESOURCES IN ORDER TO EXPAND THE AREA OF GRAPEVINE CULTIVATION WITH INTERSPECIFIC RHIZOGENIC VARIETIES WITH INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY AND RESISTANCE TO CLIMATIC FACTORS

Abstract

Climate change is ongoing and affects all countries, therefore it is necessary to take concrete measures to mitigate and adapt to these changes. According to meteorological measurements, it was found that the average global temperature has increased and reached a critical level. The increase in global average temperature is conditioned by the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Based on the volume of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere, we find that CO2 is the greenhouse gas released in the largest amount, about 80%, and is usually produced as a result of human activity. Taking into account the fields of the economy, the energy sector as a result of the activities eliminates about 77% of the total greenhouse gases, agriculture – 10-13%, etc. Stopping the process of global warming can be achieved by reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Sequestration of CO2 from the atmosphere can be achieved with the help of different methods, for example: physical-chemical methods, which consists in the use of membrane technologies and various absorbents; the biological method, the most effective, using plants, algae and soil bacteria that also fix carbon. The biological method is based on the use of plant genotypes that possess an increased potential to capture CO2 from the atmosphere and an ability to adapt to climatic factors. Agricultural lands can also contribute to increasing the process of capturing CO2 from the atmosphere. In that case, physiological methods were used to study the processes of photosynthesis, transpiration, respiration, stomatal conductivity, etc. to the grapevine in order to determine the genotypes with an increased potential for adaptation to the change of climatic factors.