Study of Variability Induced by Artificial Pollination at Pear
Abstract
Study of Variability Induced by Artificial Pollination at Pear. At Fruit Research Station Cluj-Napoca, Romania, there was studied the possibility to obtain valuable variability for creation of new pear cultivars by artificial hybridizations. Two cultivars of pear were used as maternal tester genitors being cyclic pollinated with pollen belonging to three different cultivars or selections created at FRS Cluj. There were analyzed the compatibility between genotypes regarding at fruits, seeds and seedlings resulted, and the principal traits of F1 hybrids in five years of those life. The percent of fruits resulted from pollinated flowers varied between 7.7% (Virgiliu Hibernal x Cluj 89-1-81) and 38.8% (Napoca x Haydeea), Napoca having superior maternal fertility compared to Virgiliu Hibernal (35.4% compared to 10.4%). The number of seeds per fruits oscillated between 4.7 (Virgiliu Hibernal x Haydeea) and 6.0 (Virgiliu Hibernal x Cluj 72-22-83), and percent of germination was higher than 75% for Napoca seeds, but lower for Virgiliu Hibernal seeds (between 25.4-65.0% depending of paternal genitors). F1 hybrids belonging to hybridisations were studied for the main characteristics of vigour and growth in the five year after seeds germination. The most vigorous seedlings descended from Napoca x Haydeea and Napoca x Ina Estival combinations, and majority of seedlings had a semi-upright and spreading architectural ideotype. The seedlings with the most upright habitus were obtained from Virgiliu Hibernal x Cluj 72-22-83 combination. Majority of traits for growth and tree habitus were registered with high values of coefficient of variability, suggesting fair possibilities of efficient phenotypic selection for the desired ideotype in all hybrid combinations.The papers published in the journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
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