WINTER WHEAT VARIETY BRIANA - EARLIEST REGISTERED VARIETY IN ROMANIA, DESCRIBTION AND BEHAVIOR AT NATIONAL LEVEL

Abstract

Briana is a winter wheat variety obtained using pedigree method from the combination: Lovrin32 / Fundulea 29 // F 533 D 4 -22 (400 J 2) / 3 / 1502W23-1 / 4 Donskaia Polukarlicovaia, combination obtained at breeding laboratory of NARDI Fundulea. Briana is maintained at ARDS Simnic and multiplied concordant with the rules of seed production for self pollinated plants. It is the earliest variety now, with heading time at 3-4 days before Simnic30 and 10-11 days before Fundulea4 that is the check variety in the experiments. Briana was tested during three years inside the official network of The State Institute for Testing and Registering of Varieties, in 15 places distributed in four areas: hilly area, irrigated area, west and south-west part and the south part of the country. Based on the results recorded in these areas the variety was registered in 2004. The variety is semi erect at tillering time and has a medium height of plants. The spike has a pyramidal form and a medium density of spikes without waxy genes. The grain has red color. Is resistant at lodging and loosing grains and presents dry tolerance. The variety has medium resistance to leaves diseases attack (Erysiphe, Septoria, and Helmintosporium). In the testing places belonging to SITRV, the highest yield was recorded at Targoviste in 2002-7925 kg/ha and in the hilly area, on average, the yield was by 6819 kg/ha. Baking quality of Briana variety is very good, over Flamura85 and Fundulea4; 40% of samples coming from 7 testing places being in A2 quality group. It has protein content by 14.27%, dry gluten content by 10.3%, wet gluten content by 28.2% and sedimentation index by 62.7ml superior to Fundulea4 and Flamura85 that have: 13.64%, 9.57%, 27.88%, 51.3ml respective 13.67%, 9.81%, 27.35%, 62.7ml. The use and the spread of Briana variety offer the following advantages: -it is a very early variety that is preferable in a crops group with cultivars having different vegetation periods to favorize graduate harvest and avoid the losses caused by over maturity. -it has a yield potential superior to the varieties from the same maturity group, so that it can realize, under optimal condition 7500-7900 kg/ha -it has a very good baking quality, superior to the wide spread varieties -a good resistance to lodging and loosing grains Climatic conditions recorded in the last three years in the south part of the country with long drought period leads to cultivate the earliness varieties with generative phase before critical periods that catch the genotypes with longer vegetation period with negative effects on their yield potential.