Suitability of Some Romanian Tomato Landraces to Organic Crop in Plastic Tunel
Abstract
Abstract. The organic agriculture aimes to emprove life quality, to protect the environment and to promote agro-biodiversity. Due to these approaces the areas cultivated in organic system grow bigger and by default we can find more and more bio-products on the market.
The paper presents the results obtained within a trial set in 2012, in organic system, in a plastic tunnel provided by UASMV Cluj-Napoca using eight tomatoes landraces. The seeds were provided by Suceava Gene Bank. The trails main question was: Are the studied tomatoes landraces suitable to organic crop under plastic tunnel conditions?
During the vegetation period the following fruits characteristics were assessed: taste, aroma, weight, degree of crimp, firmness.
The tomatoes juice was analyzed from a chemical point of view concerning the content in total sugar, acidity, dry matter, nitrates, calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, phosphorus, manganese, nitrogen, potassium, zinc.
The methods used for chemical measurement were: titration for acidity, potentiometric for nitrates, spectrophotometrically with atomic absorbtion for determining calcium, magnesium, copper, iron; the method used for determining boron, phosphorus, manganese, potassiuman and zinc content was ASU L 00.00-19/1 and desiccation for dry matter.
Related to the plants, the germination and binding percentage was calculated, also the yield; moreover, the following things were examined too: plant resistance to Phythophtora infestans and Trialeurodes vaporariorum attack and calcium deficiency.
Based on the results it can be said that AB 343 had the highest production - of 3.38 kg/ plant; SJ 370 had the best aroma, obtaining 3 points (out of maximum 4 points) in case of the majority of tasted fruits; CJ 358 and BN 345 were highly sensitive to calcium deficiency while SJ 370 and SM 340 registered no symptoms of Phythophtora attack.
Taking into account of all studied aspects it can be concluded that, out of the 8 landraces the best results obtained in organic system under plastic tunnel conditions were recorded in case of the 3 following local varieties: AB 343, SJ 370 and SJ 373.
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