Quantification of iNOS Expression in Adipose Tissue From Human Obese Patients
Abstract
Studies in recent years have led to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which obesity is closely linked to metabolic syndrome and its complications. Biomarkers of inflammation such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), leukocyte counts, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein, have increased values in obesity and are used in prognosis of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. It is known that obesity is associated with a chronic inflammatory response, characterized by abnormal production of cytokines and activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. Recent studies in rats have shown that in obesity the adipose tissue is infiltrated by macrophages and thus activation of several inflammatory response genes. iNOS expression may be one's response to this activation. iNOS expression is regulated at a transcriptional level, and once activated, the enzyme can generate large amounts over a long period of time. Thus, in the early stages of obesity has been an increase in the amount of NO, not a decrease. The purpose of this paper is on determining the quantitative iNOS expression in macrophages and endothelial cells from adipose tissue harvested from two areas: subcutaneous fat and the greater omentum. It will also be evaluated the correlation between the amount of iNOS and the number of iNOS positive cells and the correlation between the degree of obesity and the quantitative expression of iNOS.
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