Anatomical Particularities of the Papillary Muscles, Tendonous Cordages of the Cardiac Valvular System at Swine (Segm. II - Left Ventricle)

Abstract

This research brings new knowledge on the particularities concerning the compared anatomy of the cardiac particular parts. It involved a number of 12 dissected pig hearts where there were some anatomical aspects worth mentioning on the valve, muscular and papillary forms, and also on the tendinous cordages of the left ventricle. Compared to the classical descriptions, especially concerning the human hearts, in this case, the observations made on pig hearts revealed that there is a large variety from one individual to another regarding the distribution of the muscular forms found. They are singled or multi papillary, they have a variable origin and a different distribution of the tendinous cordages concerning their insertion on the atria-ventricular valves. These aspects are high lightened also by the original photo images included in this paper. The observations made on this forms reveals the fact that at swine there is no common feature to be established regarding the shape and ventricular-valves distribution of these forms. On the other hand, the papillary septal and marginal forms appear constantly, but they are variable from one individual to another regarding the origin and distribution. They are seen as having an important role in the myocardial distribution of their own cardiac excite-conductive system. The forms noticed in the left ventricle are much more developed compared to the right one. From a physiological and clinical aspect, we concluded that the anatomical particularities found and described are very difficult to correlate with the individual’s specific cardiac activity.